Projections of our future under climate change paint a picture of extreme weather and acidified oceans, a world many of today’s animals — including humans — may struggle, or fail, to survive. Yet ...

Reliable predictions of how the Earth's climate will respond as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increase are based on climate models. These models, in turn, are based on data from past geological ...

Timeline of atmospheric CO₂ evolution, faunal turnover, and topographic uplift during the Miocene, providing a contextual framework for interpreting ecological and climate model results. (A) ...

The giant anaconda, one of the largest snakes in the world, has a fascinating history that dates back over 12 million years. Recent fossil evidence from Venezuela reveals that these magnificent ...

PLATE 1. Figures 1–4: Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides (DGCUSB/BB-115,112), upper antero-lateral, Figures 5–6: Carcharhinus brevipinna (DGCUSB/BB-136), upper tooth, Figures 7–10: Carcharhinus perezi ...

The fossil record of our ape ancestors in Africa is almost nonexistent for a period of about 8 or 9 million years. This long gap lasted from about 16.5 million to 7 to 9 million years ago, during the ...

During the Middle to Upper Miocene period (12.4 to 5.3 million years ago), giant animals walked—and slithered—the Earth thanks to warmer temperatures, larger wetlands, and greater amounts of food.