If Excel is not recognizing functions after reboot, change calculation settings, disable Show Formula, run Excel ...

Learn the difference between Excel COUNT and COUNTA, plus TEXTBEFORE and TEXTAFTER tricks, so you clean text and totals with ...

The Alt+Enter shortcut isn't limited to new formulas you write—you can go back and clean up any messy formulas at any time.

Messy Excel formulas are more than just an eyesore—they're harder to maintain. Every repeated cell reference and tangled parenthesis makes your work difficult to audit, edit, and share. That's why you ...

Caroline Banton has 6+ years of experience as a writer of business and finance articles. She also writes biographies for Story Terrace. Suzanne is a content marketer, writer, and fact-checker. She ...

Claire Boyte-White is the lead writer for NapkinFinance.com, co-author of I Am Net Worthy, and an Investopedia contributor. Claire's expertise lies in corporate finance & accounting, mutual funds, ...

where $l$ and $u$ are the lower and upper probability bounds, while $\phi$ and $\psi$ denote propositional logic formulas. For example the following two sentences ...

Abstract: Symbolic execution is a way of modelling the program state without executing it. It can be used to reason about the behaviour of the program statically. One of the use cases for using ...

Abstract: Logical formulas are often used as a representation form to describe knowledge in many intelligent system applications. However, it is not an easy task to translate declarative sentences ...